(4) N.Y. '42 D-24 100% nuts, quality poor
Vail Ithaca, N.Y. S-12 15.3 20.8 21.8 30 4 empty nuts, 6 shr. kern.,
(8) '42 D-24 94%-17.0 60.2 2 blind qtrs., end cracks
Vandersloot " S-12 27.5 13.4 16.6 58 -3.0 64.4 1 empty nut, 4 shr. kern.,
D-24 11 bound qtrs., ext. poor
Wiard Snyder, Iowa S-12 18.8 26.8 29.4 83 95.4 One of best, well filled.
'40 D-12 Smooth kernel, good flavor,
good extraction

DISCUSSION

In the light of the data presented some conclusions can be drawn on the
various questions raised at the beginning of this paper. It is evident
that if approximately the same score is to be obtained by one operator
on duplicate or replicate random samples, great care must be used in
sampling. There is a tendency in taking samples to pick out the larger
nuts or in some other way fail to take a good random sample. Selections
submitted for contests are likely to be quite misleading as to the value
of the variety and reflect in considerable part the contestant's skill
in selection rather than the merit of the clone. The Freel walnut seems
to be an example of this. At least as grown at Ithaca it is very
disappointing.

It is evident that if comparable scores are to be obtained the samples
receive the same treatment particularly as regards moisture content.
Samples should be dried sufficiently to show the shrinkage of poorly
developed kernels but in no case be allowed to dry to the point of
checking the shells. Uniform soaking practice is a step in the right
direction. A green or partially dried nut will test much higher than one
properly cured as evidenced by Snyder, sample 6 and Spear, sample 7 in
Table 1.

It seems probable that no schedule can be devised that will eliminate
the necessity for skill on the part of the operator. To obtain
satisfactory uniformity in scores, it is essential that the operator be
skilled in the use of the cracking machine and use continuous care in
applying the necessary pressure and in holding the nut in the anvils.
Undercracking or overcracking, reversing the ends of the nut in the
anvil or failure to hold the nut vertical may af