r. 8--Austria-Hungary severs diplomatic relations with the United
States.

Apr. 9-May 14--British successes in Battle of Arras; (Vimy Ridge taken
Apr. 9).

Apr. 16-May 6--French successes in Battle of the Aisne between Soissons
and Rheims.

Apr. 20--Turkey severs relations with United States.

May 4--American destroyers begin co-operation with British navy in war
zone.

May 15-Sept. 15--Great Italian offensive on Isonzo front (Carso
Plateau). Capture of Gorizia, Aug. 9. Monte Santo taken Aug. 24. Monte
San Gabrielle, Sept. 14.

May 15--Gen. Petain succeeds Gen. Nivelle as commander in chief of the
French armies.

May 17--Russian Provisional Government reconstructed. Kerensky (formerly
minister of justice) becomes minister of war.

May 18--President Wilson signs selective service act.

June 3--American mission to Russia lands at Vladivostok ("Root
Mission"). Returns to America Aug. 3.

June 7--British blow up Messines Ridge, south of Ypres, and capture
7,500 German prisoners.

June 10--Italian offensive on Trentino.

June 12--King Constantino of Greece forced to abdicate.

June 15--Subscriptions close for first Liberty Loan ($2,000,000,000
offered; $3,035,226,850 subscribed).

June 26--First American troops reach France.

June 29--Greece enters war with Germany and her allies.

July 1--Russian army led in person by Kerensky begins a short-line
offensive in Galicia, ending in disastrous retreat (July 19-Aug. 3).

July 4--Resignation of Bethmann Hollweg as German chancellor. Dr. George
Michaelis, chancellor (July 14).

July 20--Drawing at Washington of names for first army under selective
service.

July 20--Kerensky becomes premier on resignation of Prince Lvov.

July 30--Mutiny in German fleet at Wilhelmshaven and Kiel. Second mutiny
Sept. 2.

July 31-Nov.--Battle of Flanders (Passchendaele Ridge); British
successes.

Aug. 10--Food and fuel control bill passed.

Aug. 15--Peace proposals of Pope Benedict revealed (dated Aug. 1).
United States replies Aug. 27; Germany and Austria, Sept. 21;
supplementary German reply, Sept. 26.

Aug. 15--Canadians capture Hill 70, dominating Lens.

Aug. 19--New Italian drive on the Isonz front (Carso Plateau). Monte
Santo captured (Aug. 24).

Aug. 20-24--French attacks at Verdun recapture high ground lost in 1916.

Sept. 3--Riga captured by Germans.

Sept. 8--Luxburg dispatches ("Spurlos versenkt") revealed by United
States.

Sept. 10-13--Attempted c