liar with the meaning of the symptoms manifested, and
therefore pay no heed to them. We have been thus particular in
describing the symptoms indicating the presence of these pestiferous
parasites, in order that they may be readily detected.

_The Symptoms_ produced by the tape-worm are dizziness, ringing in the
ears, increased secretion of saliva, indigestion, ravenous appetite,
sharp abdominal pains, and emaciation. The only positive sign of the
presence of these parasites, is the passage of pieces of them in the
feces. The nervous and other symptoms produced by the ordinary long
worms are also caused by the tape-worm.

CAUSES. Careful observations have proved that there are certain causes
which favor the generation or development of intestinal worms. Among
others, we may mention fatty or farinaceous articles of food,
gormandizing, constant exposure to a moist atmosphere, and sedentary
habits.

It is now generally conceded that the development of tape-worms is due
to the swallowing of an egg or germ-cell, which is contained in many
kinds of animal food, and which the process of cooking has failed to
destroy. People living near low marshes, lakes, or the seacoast, are
liable to _taeniae_.

TREATMENT. The expulsion of the _ascaris lumbricoides_ may be very
easily and pleasantly effected. Santonin is an effectual remedy for this
variety of worms. For a child three years old, take santonin, six
grains; podophyllin, one grain; white sugar, thirty grains; mix,
triturate, and divide into twelve powders, and give one every three or
four hours, until they act upon the bowels; or take santonin, ten
grains; white sugar, twenty grains; mix, triturate, and divide into ten
powders, and give one every night at bed-time, and after giving two or
three in this way, administer a mild cathartic. As santonin is almost
entirely tasteless, if not combined with other medicines which are
unpalatable, no difficulty will be experienced in administering it to
children. By reference to the article on anthelmintics in this volume,
other valuable vermifuges may be selected, and directions found for
their employment.

In the removal of thread or pin-worms, anthelmintic medicines taken into
the stomach are of little or no value. An injection of a strong solution
of salt, is a very efficient remedy. A teaspoonful of turpentine in half
a pint of milk makes a good injection. Strong coffee has been
recommended as an injection. The anus should be wel