lebrated
in the name of the emperor himself, the victorious general receiving
only the _insignia triumphalia_. The first general to refuse a triumph
was Agrippa, after his campaign in Spain, about 550 years before
Belisarius' triumph in Constantinople.

[27]

The barriers (_carceres_), or starting-point for the racers, were at the
open end of the hippodrome, the imperial box at the middle of the course
at the right as one entered.

[28]

Cf. Book III. v. 3; that was in A.D. 455. The spoliation of Jerusalem by
Titus had taken place in A.D. 70.

[29]

Ecclesiastes, i. 2.

[30]

Not an actual "triumph," but a triumphal celebration of his inauguration
as consul.

[31]

The reference is to the old custom of distributing to the populace
largesses (_congiaria_) of money or valuables on the occasion of events
of interest to the imperial house, such as the emperor's assumption of
the consular office, birthdays, etc. The first largess of this kind was
made by Julius Caesar.

[32]

Cf. Book IV. ii. 1.

[33]

The Canaanites of the Old Testament.

[34]

_i.e._, Clypea, or Aspis, now Kalibia, on the Carthaginian coast.

[35]

_i.e._, from Tangier, opposite Cadiz, to Algiers. On Caesarea see IV. v.
5 and note.

[36]

"On the borders of Mauretania" according to Procopius, _De aedificiis_,
vi. 6. 18.

[37]

Chap. x. 6.

[38]

Book III. viii. 25, 26.

[39]

The side toward the mountains; cf. sec. 20.

[40]

In the late Empire the _excubitores_, 300 in number, constituted the
select guard of the palace. Their commander, _comes excubitorum_, held
high rank at court; cf. VIII. xxi. 1, where we are told that Belisarius
held this position, and _Arcana_ 6. 10, where Justin, afterwards
emperor, is mentioned.

[41]

Cf. chap. viii. 14. Procopius has explained in III. xi. 6 that Solomon
was a eunuch.

[42]

See III. viii. 5.

[43]

A _comes foedtratorum_, mentioned in III. xi. 6.

[44]

Book III. viii. 5.

[45]

_i.e._ Clypea. Not the place mentioned in IV. x. 24.

[46]

The region in the interior of Sardinia called Barbargia or Barbagia
still preserves this name. But Procopius' explanation of the origin of
the barbarian settlers there has not been generally accepted.

[47]

Book III. xviii. 7 ff.

[48]

IV. iv. 30 and note.

[49]

Baptism was administered only during the fifty days between Easter and
Pentecost. Justinian had forbidden the baptism of Arians.

[50]

C