183. The communal freedom for
which they had fought so long was now accorded them; the Emperor gave
up all right to the regalia and recognized the Lombard League. His
dream of becoming a second Justinian had not been realized.

The cities received the privilege of using the woods, meadows,
bridges, and mills in their immediate vicinity, and of raising
revenues from them; the jurisdiction in ordinary, civil, and criminal
cases; the right of making fortifications. The Emperor was, to a
certain extent, to be provided for when he chose to come to Italy; but
he promised to make no long stay in any one town. The cities were to
choose their own consuls, who were to be invested with their dignity
by the Emperor or his representatives. The ceremony, however, was to
be performed only once in five years. In important matters where more
than a certain sum was at stake, appeals to the Emperor were to be
allowed.

With the city of Alessandria, so long to him a thorn in the flesh,
Frederick had already come to a separate agreement by consent of the
league. The city was, technically, to be annihilated, and then to be
refounded; it was no longer to bear the name of the Pope, but that of
the Emperor. Alessandria was to become Caesarea; yet none of the
Inhabitants was to suffer by the change.

The treaty is extant; it provided that the people should leave the
city and remain without the walls until led back by an imperial envoy.
All the male inhabitants of Caesarea were then to swear fealty to the
Emperor and to his son Henry VI.

The Lombard cities, from this time forward, remained true to
Frederick.

SALADIN TAKES JERUSALEM FROM THE CHRISTIANS

A.D. 1187

SIR GEORGE W. COX

Eight days after their conquest of the Holy City, in 1099,
the first crusaders proceeded to establish the Latin kingdom
of Jerusalem, with Godfrey of Bouillon as its first king. On
the death of Godfrey, in 1100, his brother Baldwin succeeded
him, and in 1118 he was succeeded by Baldwin II, Count of
Edessa. The fourth king was Fulc, Count of Anjou and
son-in-law of Baldwin II (1131-1144), and after him reigned
his son, Baldwin III (1144-1162). This King came to the
throne at the age of thirteen. Early in his reign the
Christian stronghold of Edessa, in Mesopotamia, was captured
by the Turks, and its loss, which seemed to threaten the
destruction of the kingdom of Jerusalem itself, was the