le, but the
cotton is wasty, dirty, or abnormally leafy; and in this case the
buyer has to exercise great care and judgment in calculating the extra
loss that will ensue.

The terms of purchase of cotton include an allowance of 4 per cent for
tares. That is, a bale of cotton weighing 400 pounds would be paid for
as 384 pounds, or should the buyer have reason to believe that the
tares are unusually heavy, he has the option of claiming the actual
tare. This is ascertained by stripping ten bales and weighing the
covering and the hoops, which means considerable work, and although it
is at the option of the buyer, it is an exception rather than the
rule.

As a result of these causes we find cotton divided into the following
grades:

=Full Grades of Cotton.= Egyptian cotton is graded as follows: extra
fine, fine, good, fully good fair, good fair, fair, middling fair,
middling.

Indian cotton is graded as follows: superfine, fine, fully good, good,
fully good fair, good fair, fully fair.

Brazilian cotton may be classed: fine, good, good fair, fair, middling
fair, middling.

American cotton has seven grades: fair, middling fair, good middling,
middling, low middling, good ordinary, and ordinary.

In addition to the full grades there are half and quarter grades. The
American cottons are graded as follows:

_Full Grades._ _Half Grades._ _Quarter Grades._

Fair, Strict middling fair, Barely fair,
Middling fair, Strict good middling, Fully middling fair,
Good middling, Strict middling, Barely middling fair,
Middling, Strict low middling, Fully good middling,
Low middling, Strict good ordinary, Barely good middling,
Good ordinary, Strict ordinary. Fully middling,
Ordinary. Barely middling,
Fully low middling,
Barely low middling,
Fully good ordinary,
Barely good ordinary.

The following are a few of the leading varieties of cotton, with the
numbers of yarn they will make:

_Cotton._ _Length._ _Warp._ _Filling._

Sea Island (selected) 1-3/4 to 2-1/4 up to 200 250 to 300
Sea Island (ordinary) 1-3/4 to 2 150 220