njustifiable rudeness, broke and destroyed
furniture wantonly, insulted the women, and, in one or two instances,
fired at and killed cattle."

Father Galtier, who was there at the time, wrote: "Consequently a deputy
marshall from Prairie du Chien was ordered to remove the houses. He went
to work, assisted by some soldiers, and, one after another, unroofed the
cottages, extending about five miles along the river. The settlers were
forced to seek new homes." He makes no mention of personal
violence.--_Acta et Dicta_, Vol. I, No. 1, p. 64.

[527] Williams's _A History of the City of Saint Paul_, p. 111.

[528] See the description of St. Paul in 1849 in Seymour's _Sketches of
Minnesota, the New England of the West_, pp. 94-100.

[529] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, January 30, 1850.

[530] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, January 23, February 27, June 27, 1850.

[531] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, November 27, 1851.

[532] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, April 17, 1851.

[533] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. XV, p. 534; _Post
Returns_, July, 1855, in the archives of the War Department, Washington,
D. C.

[534] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, February 20, 27, 1850.

[535] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, February 6, 13, 1850; _Minnesota
Chronicle and Register_, February 10, 1851.

[536] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, February 13, 1850.

[537] Bishop's _Floral Home; or, First Years of Minnesota_, pp. 152-163.

[538] _The Minnesota Pioneer_, August 23, 1849.

[539] These two treaties were the treaty with the Sisseton and Wahpeton
bands of Sioux at Traverse des Sioux, July 23, 1851; and with the
Mdewakanton and Wahpakoota bands of Sioux at Mendota on August 5,
1851.--Kappler's _Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties_, Vol. II, pp.
588-593.

INDEX

Abercrombie, John J., fort built by, 50
Adams, Mrs. Ann, 245
Agency house, fire in, 101
Agriculture (see Farming)
Aitkin, Mr., 144
Akin, Mr., information furnished by, 172
Alcohol, purchase of, 88
American Fur Company,
fort purchased from, 21;
warehouse and store of, 81;
monopoly of, 135;
reference to, 138, 142, 188, 209
Americans, hostility of Indians to,
during War of 1812, 8-12;
Indians impressed by supremacy of, 112-118;
protection promised by, 122
Ammunition, giving of, to Indians, 110
Andrews, Joseph F., 230
Annuities, 42, 43, 111, 126;
payment of, to Indians, 184, 185
Apple River, massacre on, 132, 232
Apples, purchase o