"In my view the aggregation of physical conditions does not in
itself alone constitute the environment. Social and moral
conditions have an equal part in it. Here, again, it is easy to
establish, in the results of crossings, differences which have no
other cause than differences in these conditions. It is true that
mongrels, born and grown up in the midst of the hatred of the
inferior race and the contempt of the superior race, are liable
to merit the reproaches which are commonly attached to them. On
the other hand, if real marriages take place between the races,
and their offspring are placed upon a footing of equality with
the mass of the population, they are quite able to reach the
general level, and sometimes to display superior qualities.

"All of my studies on this question have brought me to the
conclusion that the mixture of races has in the past had a great
part in the constitution of a large number of actual populations.
It is also clear to me that its part in the future will not be
less considerable. The movement of expansion, to which I have
just called attention, has not slackened since the days of Cortez
and Pizarro, but has become more extended and general. The
perfection of the means of communication has given it new
activity. The people of mixed blood already constitute a
considerable part of the population of certain states, and their
number is large enough to entitle them to be taken notice of in
the population of the whole world.

* * * * *

"These facts show that man is everywhere the same, and that his
passions and instincts are independent of the differences that
distinguish the human groups. The reason of it is that these
differences, however accentuated they may seem to us, are
essentially morphological, but do not in any way touch the wholly
physiological power of reproduction."[142]

Race prejudice is bound to give way before the potent influences of
character, education, and wealth. And these are necessary to the
growth of the race. Without wealth there can be no leisure, without
leisure there can be no thought, and without thought there can be no
progress. The future work of the Negro is twofold: subjective and
objective. Years will be devoted to his own education and improvement
here in America. He will soun