tatory up to +2 deg.; soluble in 4-5
volumes of 70 per cent. alcohol.

The oil consists almost entirely of citronellic aldehyde, and on
absorption with saturated solution of sodium bisulphite should leave
very little oil unabsorbed.

(ii.) Eucalyptus globulus, the oil used in pharmacy, and containing
50-65 per cent. cineol. Specific gravity at 15 deg. C., 0.910-0.930; optical
rotation, +1 deg. to +10 deg.; soluble in 2 to 3 parts of 70 per cent. alcohol;
cineol (estimated by combination with phosphoric acid, pressing,
decomposing with hot water, and measuring the liberated cineol), not
less than 50 per cent. Besides cineol, the oil contains d-pinene, and
valeric, butyric, and caproic aldehydes. It is chiefly used in medicated
soaps.

_Fennel (sweet) oil_, obtained from the fruit of Foeniculum vulgare,
grown in Germany, Roumania, and other parts of Europe. Specific gravity
at 15 deg. C., 0.965-0.985; optical rotation, +6 deg. to +25 deg.; refractive index
at 20 deg. C., 1.515-1.548; usually soluble in 2-6 parts 80 per cent.
alcohol, but occasionally requires 1 part of 90 per cent. alcohol.

The chief constituents of the oil are anethol, fenchone, d-pinene, and
dipentene.

_Geranium oils_, distilled from plants of the Pelargonium species.
There are three principal kinds of this oil on the market--the African,
obtained from Algeria and the neighbourhood, the Bourbon, distilled
principally in the Island of Reunion, and the Spanish. The oil is also
distilled from plants grown in the South of France, but this oil is not
much used by soap-makers. A specially fine article is sold by a few
essential oil firms under the name of "Geranium-sur-Rose," which as its
name implies, is supposed to be geranium oil distilled over roses. This
is particularly suitable for use in high-class soaps. The following are
the general properties of these oils. It will be seen that the limits
for the figures overlap to a considerable extent.

___________________________________________________________________________________
| | | | | |
| | African. | Bourbon. | Spanish. | French. |
|_______________________|______________|______________|______________|______________|
| | | | | |
| Specific gravity | | | |