for an article of commerce, but oftener in the
supernatural or excess, which makes it dangerous and destructive,
yet it cannot be spared, and must be had in that form, and
absorbents provided to take off its edge."

The "two economies which are the best _succedanea"_ for deficiency of
temperament are concentration and drill. This he illustrates by example,
and he also lays down some good, plain, practical rules which "Poor
Richard" would have cheerfully approved. He might have accepted also the
Essay on "Wealth" as having a good sense so like his own that he could
hardly tell the difference between them.

"Wealth begins in a tight roof that keeps the rain and
wind out; in a good pump that yields you plenty of sweet
water; in two suits of clothes, so as to change your dress
when you are wet; in dry sticks to burn; in a good double-wick
lamp, and three meals; in a horse or locomotive to cross
the land; in a boat to cross the sea; in tools to work with; in
books to read; and so, in giving, on all sides, by tools and
auxiliaries, the greatest possible extension to our powers, as if it
added feet, and hands, and eyes, and blood, length to the day,
and knowledge and good will. Wealth begins with these articles of
necessity.--

"To be rich is to have a ticket of admission to the masterworks and
chief men of each race.--

"The pulpit and the press have many commonplaces denouncing the
thirst for wealth; but if men should take these moralists at their
word, and leave off aiming to be rich, the moralists would rush
to rekindle at all hazards this love of power in the people, lest
civilization should be undone."

Who can give better counsels on "Culture" than Emerson? But we must
borrow only a few sentences from his essay on that subject. All kinds of
secrets come out as we read these Essays of Emerson's. We know something
of his friends and disciples who gathered round him and sat at his feet.
It is not hard to believe that he was drawing one of those composite
portraits Mr. Galton has given us specimens of when he wrote as
follows:--

"The pest of society is egotism. This goitre of egotism
is so frequent among notable persons that we must infer some strong
necessity in nature which it subserves; such as we see in the sexual
attraction. The preservation of the species was a point of such
necessity that Nature has secur