e rulers offer
sacrifices for their sins, they bring the same oblations that private
men do; only they so far differ, that they are to bring for sacrifices a
bull or a kid of the goats, both males.

4. Now the law requires, both in private and public sacrifices, that
the finest flour be also brought; for a lamb the measure of one tenth
deal,--for a ram two,--and for a bull three. This they consecrate upon
the altar, when it is mingled with oil; for oil is also brought by those
that sacrifice; for a bull the half of an hin, and for a ram the third
part of the same measure, and one quarter of it for a lamb. This hin is
an ancient Hebrew measure, and is equivalent to two Athenian choas [or
congiuses]. They bring the same quantity of oil which they do of wine,
and they pour the wine about the altar; but if any one does not offer a
complete sacrifice of animals, but brings fine flour only for a vow, he
throws a handful upon the altar as its first-fruits, while the priests
take the rest for their food, either boiled or mingled with oil, but
made into cakes of bread. But whatsoever it be that a priest himself
offers, it must of necessity be all burnt. Now the law forbids us to
sacrifice any animal at the same time with its dam; and, in other cases,
not till the eighth day after its birth. Other sacrifices there are
also appointed for escaping distempers, or for other occasions, in
which meat-offerings are consumed, together with the animals that are
sacrificed; of which it is not lawful to leave any part till the next
day, only the priests are to take their own share.

CHAPTER 10. Concerning The Festivals; And How Each Day Of Such Festival
Is To Be Observed.

1. The law requires, that out of the public expenses a lamb of the first
year be killed every day, at the beginning and at the ending of the day;
but on the seventh day, which is called the Sabbath, they kill two, and
sacrifice them in the same manner. At the new moon, they both perform
the daily sacrifices, and slay two bulls, with seven lambs of the first
year, and a kid of the goats also, for the expiation of sins; that is,
if they have sinned through ignorance.

2. But on the seventh month, which the Macedonians call Hyperberetaeus,
they make an addition to those already mentioned, and sacrifice a bull,
a ram, and seven lambs, and a kid of the goats, for sins.

3. On the tenth day of the same lunar month, they fast till the evening;
and this day they sacr