e is the case.
Section 6. We may note here the meaning of certain terms we shall
be constantly employing. The head end of the rabbit is anterior, the
tail end posterior, the backbone side of the body-- the upper side in
life-- is dorsal, the breast and belly side, the lower side of the
animal, is ventral. If we imagine the rabbit sawn asunder, as it were,
by a plane passing through the head and tail, that would be the
median plane, and parts on either side of it are lateral, and left or
right according as they lie to the animal's left or right. In a limb, or in
the internal organs, the part nearest the central organ, or axis, is
proximal, the more remote or terminal parts are distal. For instance,
the mouth is anteriorly placed, the tongue on its ventral wall; the
tongue is median, the eyes are lateral, and the fingers are distal to
the elbow. The student must accustom himself to these words, and
avoid, in his descriptions, the use of such terms as "above,"
"below," "outside," which vary with the position in which we conceive
the animal placed.
Section 7. So much for the general form; we may note a few facts of
general knowledge, in connection with the rabbit's life-activity. In a
day of the rabbit's life a considerable amount of work is done-- the
animal runs hither and thither, for instance; in other words, a certain
mass of matter is moved through space, and for that we know force
must be exerted. Whence comes the force?
Section 8. We find the rabbit occupies a considerable amount of its
time in taking in vegetable matter, consisting chiefly of more or less
complex combustible and unstable organic compounds. It is a pure
vegetarian, and a remarkably moderate drinker. Some but only a
small proportion, of the vegetable matter it eats, leaves its body
comparatively unchanged, in little pellets, the faeces, in the process
of defaecation. For the rest we have to account.
Section 9. We find, also, that the rabbit breathes air into its lungs,
which is returned to the atmosphere with a lessened amount of
oxygen, and the addition of a perceptible amount of carbon dioxide.
The rabbit also throws off, or excretes, a fluid, the urine, which
consists of water with a certain partially oxydised substance
containing nitrogen, and called urea, and other less important salts.
The organs within the body, by which the urine is separated, are
called the kidneys.
Section 10. Repeating these facts in other words, the r
|