g), Gendarmerie (2008)

Military service age and obligation:

16 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service;
children as young as 10 years of age have been conscripted into the
armed forces; the enrollment of children is still not prohibited
(2007)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16-49: 1,878,544
females age 16-49: 1,851,676 (2008 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16-49: 1,083,899
females age 16-49: 1,062,488 (2008 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 98,105
female: 98,533 (2008 est.)

Military expenditures:

5.9% of GDP (2006 est.)

Transnational Issues
Burundi

Disputes - international:

Burundi and Rwanda dispute sections of border on the
Akanyaru/Kanyaru and the Kagera/Nyabarongo rivers, which have
changed course since the 1960s, when the boundary was delimited;
cross-border conflicts among Tutsi, Hutu, other ethnic groups,
associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government
forces persist in the Great Lakes region

Refugees and internally displaced persons:

refugees (country of origin): 9,849 (Democratic Republic of the
Congo)
IDPs: 100,000 (armed conflict between government and rebels; most
IDPs in northern and western Burundi) (2007)

Trafficking in persons:

current situation: Burundi is a source country for children
trafficked for the purposes of child soldiering, domestic servitude,
and commercial sexual exploitation; a small number of Burundian
children may be trafficked internally for domestic servitude or
commercial sexual exploitation; in early 2008, Burundian children
were allegedly trafficked to Uganda, via Rwanda, for agricultural
labor and commercial sexual exploitation
tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Burundi is on the Tier 2 Watch List
for the second consecutive year for its failure to provide
sufficient evidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in
persons in 2007; the government's inability to provide adequate
protective services to children accused of association with armed
groups and to conduct anti-trafficking law enforcement activities
continue to be causes for concern; Burundi has not ratified the 2000
UN TIP Protocol (2008)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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@Cambodia

Introduction
Cambodia

Background:

Most Cambodia