rza Aerea
Paraguay, FAP) (2008)

Military service age and obligation:

18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service;
conscript service obligation - 12 months for Army, 24 months for
Navy (2006)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16-49: 1,589,873
females age 16-49: 1,585,573 (2008 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16-49: 1,327,730
females age 16-49: 1,356,989 (2008 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 72,109
female: 70,509 (2008 est.)

Military expenditures:

1% of GDP (2006 est.)

Transnational Issues
Paraguay

Disputes - international:

unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is
locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal narcotics
trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations

Illicit drugs:

major illicit producer of cannabis, most or all of which is consumed
in Brazil, Argentina, and Chile; transshipment country for Andean
cocaine headed for Brazil, other Southern Cone markets, and Europe;
weak border controls, extensive corruption and money-laundering
activity, especially in the Tri-Border Area; weak
anti-money-laundering laws and enforcement

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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@Peru

Introduction
Peru

Background:

Ancient Peru was the seat of several prominent Andean civilizations,
most notably that of the Incas whose empire was captured by the
Spanish conquistadors in 1533. Peruvian independence was declared in
1821, and remaining Spanish forces defeated in 1824. After a dozen
years of military rule, Peru returned to democratic leadership in
1980, but experienced economic problems and the growth of a violent
insurgency. President Alberto FUJIMORI's election in 1990 ushered in
a decade that saw a dramatic turnaround in the economy and
significant progress in curtailing guerrilla activity. Nevertheless,
the president's increasing reliance on authoritarian measures and an
economic slump in the late 1990s generated mounting dissatisfaction
with his regime, which led to his ouster in 2000. A caretaker
government oversaw new elections in the spring of 2001, which
ushered in Alejandro TOLEDO as the new head of government - Peru's
first democratically elected president of Native American ethnicity.
The presidential election of 200