Barbuda 23, Belize 6,
Cyprus 5, Dominica 7, Finland 2, Latvia 2, Liberia 1, Malta 11,
Norway 1, Panama 5, Saint Kitts and Nevis 3, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines 16, Sweden 2, Vanuatu 1) (2008)

Ports and terminals:

Kuivastu, Kunda, Muuga, Tallinn, Virtsu

Military
Estonia

Military branches:

Estonian Defense Forces: Land Force, Navy, Air Force (Eesti
Ohuvagi), Volunteer Defense League (Kaitseliit, KL) (2008)

Military service age and obligation:

compulsory military service for men between 19 and 28; conscription
lasts 11 months for junior NCOs and reserve platoon leaders; reserve
officers and designated specialists have a different conscript
service obligation; Estonia has committed to retaining conscription
for men up to 2010 and, unlike Latvia and Lithuania, has no plan to
transition to a contract armed forces; 17 years of age for
volunteers; reserve commitment up to the age of 60 (2006)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16-49: 306,273
females age 16-49: 317,852 (2008 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16-49: 218,448
females age 16-49: 264,187 (2008 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 8,322
female: 7,846 (2008 est.)

Military expenditures:

2% of GDP (2005 est.)

Transnational Issues
Estonia

Disputes - international:

Russia recalled its signature to the 1996 technical border agreement
with Estonia in 2005, rather than concede to Estonia's appending
prepared a unilateral declaration referencing Soviet occupation and
territorial losses; Russia demands better accommodation of
Russian-speaking population in Estonia; Estonian citizen groups
continue to press for realignment of the boundary based on the 1920
Tartu Peace Treaty that would bring the now divided ethnic Setu
people and parts of the Narva region within Estonia; as a member
state that forms part of the EU's external border, Estonia must
implement the strict Schengen border rules with Russia

Illicit drugs:

growing producer of synthetic drugs; increasingly important
transshipment zone for cannabis, cocaine, opiates, and synthetic
drugs since joining the European Union and the Schengen Accord;
potential money laundering related to organized crime and drug
trafficking is a concern, as is possible use of the gambling sector
to launder funds; major use of opiates and ecstasy

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008