residio, and by exchanging entire companies
all will enjoy the privilege of all the aforesaid. Accordingly, I have
thought best to order and command you, as I do order and command you,
to see to it that remnants of companies are not sent to Terrenate;
but that entire companies go, in the form and manner herein contained,
so that entire companies of those who are exchanged may return. You
shall advise me of whatever you shall enact in this matter. Madrid,
November 5, 1635.

_I the King_

By order of the king our sovereign:
_Don Gabriel de Ocana Y Alarcon_

MEMORIAL TO THE KING BY JUAN GRAO Y MONFALCON IN THE YEAR 1635

_The procurator-general of the city of Manila and the Philipinas
Islands, to his Majesty. He considers the reasons why it is advisable
to pay careful attention to the preservation of those islands; and
entreats his Majesty to have the collection of the two per cent duty
recently imposed on merchandise shipped for the commerce of Nueva
Espana discontinued._

Sire:

Don Juan Grao y Monfalcon, procurator-general for the distinguished
and loyal city of Manila, the metropolis and capital of the Filipinas
Islands, declares that the preservation and protection of these islands
are of the utmost consideration and importance, and deserve the most
careful attention, on account of the great advantages and profits
which they afford--to say nothing of the principal consideration,
namely, the service of God, and the propagation of religion and the
Catholic faith. In the aforesaid city and in the other islands that
faith is established, and will steadily become stronger, increasing and
spreading not only among those but other and neighboring islands. This
is especially true in Great China and Japon, which from continual
intercourse and friendly relations with the said Filipinas Islands
may--if the Christian faith is preserved and permanently maintained
in the latter, and as deeply rooted and as pure and constant as at
present--look, in the said matter of religion, for felicitous and
great results. The same [may be said] for what concerns the service
of your Majesty, and the profitable and advantageous increase of the
royal estate, since even the profits which your Majesty at present
enjoys and possesses in the said city and the other islands are many,
and of great importance. For in one village alone, which they call
Parian, an arquebus-shot from the said city [of Manila], more than
twenty thousa