stells's ed. of Colin's Labor evangelica, iii, pp. 266, 812). La
Concepcion (Hist. de Philipinas, vii, p. 102) says: "Under this name
[i.e., Mardicas, or Merdicas] are included natives of Ternate, Tidore,
and Siao; of Manados, Cauripa, Celebes, and Macasar. They were allotted
a dwelling-place at Marigondon, on the great bay of Manila ... and
theirs is the island of Corregidor, from which they give warning
of the ships that they descry, by signal-fires." He says that they
speak three languages--Spanish, Tagalog, and their own dialect; and
"regard themselves as the spiritual sons of St. Francis Xavier, to whom
they are singularly devoted--a feeling inspired by their forefathers,
who had known him and witnessed his marvelous works." Ferrando says
(Hist. PP. Dominicos, iii, p. 94) that these people have preserved
their own dialect, usages, and customs; and up to recent times had
not intermarried with the Filipinos of neighboring villages.

[50] La Estacada (literally "the stockade") was on the same side of
the Pasig River as Binondoc, but separated from that village by the
little estuary which leads to the village of Tondo. See Munoz's map
of Manila and its suburbs (1671) in Pastells's edition of Colin's
Labor evangelica, iii, p. 824; this map will be reproduced in the
present series.

[51] Spanish falsabraga: "a parapet constructed at a lower elevation
than the main parapet, and between the parapet and the edge of the
ditch. It was used only in permanent fortification, and has long been
obsolete;" see Wilhelm's Military Dictionary (Phila., 1881), p. 158.

[52] Cf. with this description the fortifications indicated on Munoz's
map, mentioned ante, p. 243, note 50.

In order to prevent the enemy from fortifying large buildings outside
the walls, "orders were issued to demolish the churches of Santiago,
Bagumbaya, Hermita, Malate, Paranaque, Dilao, San Lazaro, the Parian,
and Santa Cruz--besides various country houses which the Spaniards own
in those environs." (Murillo Velarde's Hist. de Philipinas, fol. 272.)

[53] This son was called Kin-sie, also known as Tching King-may and
Sipuan; La Concepcion says (vii, p. 55) that he, "who had been reared
in the study, among books, did nothing to cultivate the country
which his father had acquired with so many dangers and fatigues,
and the troops therefore became, in his service, lax and cowardly."

[54] The references in this document to the rulers of China can
hardly be satisf