action or force expended upon the vito-magnetic element of the
atmosphere. If such action or force be directly expended upon the air,
or, more accurately, upon this vito-magnetic constituent of the air, it
is propagated in accordance with the laws that govern the transmission
of the vito-magnetic or electrical fluid through the air. If it be
expended upon a lengthened wire, then, as sound, it is transmitted
according to the laws of magnetic transmission through wire.

The recent experiments in connection with the telephone have
demonstrated the fact that sound may be communicated through hundreds of
miles of space without occupying any appreciable length of time--in this
respect being precisely like the ordinary action of the magnetic
current. It is most philosophical therefore to conclude that it is the
same element that is concerned in both instances. If we were to
distinguish between the actions of the telephonic wire and the
telegraphic wire we should say that there is no difference in the medium
of communication, which is in either case the vito-magnetic fluid; but
that in the former the normal fluid is affected simply, while in the
latter an artificial and extraordinary amount of fluid is induced so as
to produce strong magnetic effects. In the telephone wire we have an
_affection_ of the fluid; in the telegraphic wire a _pulsation_, so to
speak.

In the production of sound, _vibrations_ (erroneously called _waves_),
have an important agency, but _they have no act or part in its
conveyance_.

The varying intensities of sound, and the distance to which it reaches,
are in direct ratio with the kind of force applied in its production,
the character of the resistance offered and the medium of communication
employed.

CHAPTER XII.

SOME OF THE RESULTS OF THE FOREGOING THEORIES.

The theories thus asserted may be regarded as exceedingly radical in
their character. Their influence may not be fully estimated. Marvellous
in extent are the ramifications which proceed from these sources, and
few are the subjects of human thought and investigation which will not
be, to a greater or less degree, affected by their influence.

New channels of thought and investigation will be opened, and old
theories which now have the confidence of great minds and great numbers,
will quietly sink into oblivion.

The blank astonishment and incredulity with which these theories will be
re