unctions between this later vault and the Norman work can be
seen. The main piers had the original double shafts cut off at the level
of the top of the triforium arches, the later single shaft being brought
down and joined by a peculiar branch-like connection. The original
shafts to the subsidiary piers, which it is probable took only a minor
part in carrying the flat Norman wooden roof, were finished by a cap at
the impost level of the triforium, and the later shaft was brought down
and finished by the _rebus_ of Bishop Lyhart, the constructor of the
vault. This _rebus_ should be noticed; it is a pun in stone, with its
hart lying in water. It will also be noticed that the outer arches of
the triforium are not concentric with the sub-arches.

[Illustration: The Nave, looking East.]

The bases of the shafts have been Perpendicularised, probably when the
vault was added, and the Norman character of the lateral shafts spoilt
by scraping.

The building of the nave is usually attributed to Bishop Eborard
(1121-45), but some eminent archaeologists believe that the whole
cathedral, nave and all, was built by Herbert, 1091-1119, the first
bishop and founder. We believe there is no documentary evidence against
this theory. The _Registrum Primum_ says: "Moreover, the same Herbert
completed the church of Norwich in his own time, as I have learned from
the account of old people, _but have not found in writing,_ as far as
the altar of the holy cross, which is now called the altar of S.
William."

The billet enrichment on the main arches, and the chevron or zig-zag on
those of the triforium, have been looked upon as indicating that this
part of the building--the five western bays of nave--is later than the
presbytery, the arches there lacking this ornament. But as these are
quite the earliest forms of ornament used by the Norman builders, their
occurrence here at Norwich cannot prove much. It is better perhaps to
reserve judgment, and be content with merely stating the facts and the
more generally accredited theories as to the age of the western part of
the nave.

The subsidiary circular columns in the fifth bay of the nave from the
west end should be noticed. A small enriched shaft in the clerestory of
the north transept is here illustrated. This very beautiful style of
treatment was common to the Norman builder, with the Romanesque, and the
Romans before them.

#The Choir Screen# crosses the nave between the subsidiary piers