e des Deux Mondes_,
xxxiv. 466; Desjardins, _Geog. de la Gaule Romaine_, ii. 518.

[1005] Caesar, vi. 13.

[1006] Pliny, _HN_ xxx. 1.

[1007] Rh[^y]s, _CB_{4} 69 f.

[1008] Gomme, _Ethnol. in Folk-lore_, 58, _Village Community_, 104.

[1009] Sergi, _The Mediterranean Race_, 295.

[1010] Reinach, "L'Art plastique en Gaule et le Druidisme," _RC_ xiii.
189.

[1011] Holmes, _Caesar's Conquest of Gaul_, 15; Dottin, 270.

[1012] Diog. Laert. i. 1; Livy xxiii. 24.

[1013] Desjardins, _op. cit._ ii. 519; but cf. Holmes, 535.

[1014] _Gutuatros_ is perhaps from _gutu_-, "voice" (Holder, i. 2046;
but see Loth, _RC_ xxviii. 120). The existence of the _gutuatri_ is
known from a few inscriptions (see Holder), and from Hirtius, _de Bell.
Gall._ viii. 38, who mentions a _gutuatros_ put to death by Caesar.

[1015] D'Arbois, _Les Druides_, 2 f., _Les Celtes_, 32.

[1016] Ausonius, _Professor._ v. 7, xi. 24.

[1017] Lucan, iii. 424; Livy, xxiii. 24.

[1018] Diod. Sic. v. 31; Strabo, iv. 4. 4; Timagenes _apud_ Amm. Marc.
xv. 9.

[1019] Cicero, _de Div._ i. 41. 90; Tac. _Hist._ iv. 54.

[1020] _Phars._ i. 449 f.

[1021] _HN_ xxx. i.

[1022] _Filid_, sing. _File_, is from _velo_, "I see" (Stokes, _US_
277).

[1023] _Fathi_ is cognate with _Vates_.

[1024] In Wales there had been Druids as there were Bards, but all trace
of the second class is lost. Long after the Druids had passed away, the
fiction of the _derwydd-vardd_ or Druid-bard was created, and the later
bards were held to be depositories of a supposititious Druidic
theosophy, while they practised the old rites in secret. The late word
_derwydd_ was probably invented from _derw_, "oak," by some one who knew
Pliny's derivation. See D'Arbois, _Les Druides_, 81.

[1025] For these views see Dottin, 295; Holmes, 17; Bertrand, 192-193,
268-269.

[1026] Diog. Laert. i. proem. 1. For other references see Caesar, vi. 13,
14; Strabo, iv. 4. 4; Amm. Marc. xv. 9; Diod. Sic, v. 28; Lucan, i. 460;
Mela, iii. 2.

[1027] Suet. _Claud._ 25; Mela, iii. 2.

[1028] Pliny, xxx. 1.

[1029] D'Arbois, _Les Druides_, 77.

[1030] Diod. Sic. v. 31. 4.

[1031] See Cicero, _de Div._ i. 41.

[1032] Diod. Sic. v. 28; Amm. Marc. xv. 9; Hippolytus, _Refut. Haer._ i.
22.

[1033] Amm. Marc. xv. 9.

[1034] Caesar, vi. 14.

[1035] Diog. Laert. 6. Celtic enthusiasts see in this triple maxim
something akin to the Welsh triads, which they claim to be Druidic!

[1036] Bertrand, 2