locked and include Afghanistan, Andorra,
Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina,
Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia,
Malawi, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, Paraguay, Rwanda, San Marino,
Swaziland, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan,
Vatican City, West Bank, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Contiguous zone:
39 states claim contiguous zone, 33 of which have 24 nm limits
Continental shelf:
approximately 78 states have specific continental shelf claims, the limit of
42 claims is based on depth (200 m) plus exploitability, 21 claims define
the continental shelf as 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Exclusive fishing zone:
23 claims with limits ranging from 12 nm to 200 nm
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ):
83 states claim an EEZ, with most limits being 200 nm
Territorial sea:
claims range from 3 to 200 nm, 112 states claim a 12 nm limit; note - 41
nations and miscellaneous areas are landlocked and comprise Afghanistan,
Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina,
Burundi, Byelarus, Central African Republic, Chad, Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macebia,
Zimbabwe
Disputes:
major international land boundary or territorial diputes - Bahrain-Qatar,
Chad-Libya, China-India, China-Russia, Ecuador-Peru, El Salvador-Honduras,
Israel-Jordan, Israel-Syria, Japan-Russia, North Korea-South Korea, Saudi
Arabia-Yemen, South China Sea
Climate:
two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperate
zones from a wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates
Terrain:
highest elevation is Mt. Everest at 8,848 meters and lowest depression is
the Dead Sea at 392 meters below sea level; greatest ocean depth is the
Marianas Trench at 10,924 meters
Natural resources:
the rapid using up of nonrenewable mineral resources, the depletion of
forest areas and wetlands, the extinction of animal and plant species, and
the deterioration in air and water quality (especially in Eastern Europe and
the former USSR) pose serious long-term problems that governments and
peoples are only beginning to address
Land use:
arable land 10%; perm