goods,
chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea
partners:
USSR 75%, Austria 5%, China 5%
External debt:
$16.8 billion (yearend 1990); 98.6% with USSR
Industrial production:
growth rate -12% (1991 est.)
Electricity:
1,238,000 kW capacity; 3,700 million kWh produced, 1,692 kWh per capita
(1990)
Industries:
copper, processing of animal products, building materials, food and
beverage, mining (particularly coal)
Agriculture:
accounts for about 20% of GDP and provides livelihood for about 50% of the
population; livestock raising predominates (primarily sheep and goats, but
also cattle, camels, and horses); crops - wheat, barley, potatoes, forage

:Mongolia Economy

Economic aid:
about $300 million in trade credits and $34 million in grant aid from USSR
and other CEMA countries, plus $7.4 million from UNDP (1990); in 1991, $170
million in grants and technical assistance from Western donor countries,
including $30 million from World Bank and $30 million from the IMF; over
$200 million from donor countries projected in 1992
Currency:
tughrik (plural - tughriks); 1 tughrik (Tug) = 100 mongos
Exchange rates:
tughriks (Tug) per US$1 - 7.1 (1991), 5.63 (1990), 3.00 (1989)
Fiscal year:
calendar year

:Mongolia Communications

Railroads:
1,750 km 1.524-meter broad gauge (1988)
Highways:
46,700 km total; 1,000 km hard surface; 45,700 km other surfaces (1988)
Inland waterways:
397 km of principal routes (1988)
Civil air:
25 major transport aircraft
Airports:
81 total, 31 usable; 11 with permanent-surface runways; fewer than 5 with
runways over 3,659 m; fewer than 20 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 12 with
runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications:
63,000 telephones (1989); broadcast stations - 12 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (with 18
provincial repeaters); repeat of Russian TV; 120,000 TVs; 220,000 radios; at
least 1 earth station

:Mongolia Defense Forces

Branches:
Mongolian People's Army (includes Border Guards), Air Force
Manpower availability:
males 15-49, 551,548; 359,904 fit for military service; 25,275 reach
military age (18) annually
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $22.8 million of GDP (1992 budget)

:Montserrat Geography

Total area:
100 km2
Land area:
100 km2
Comparative area:
about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
none
Coa