war always recurs as a drastic medicine for the
human race. (P. 36.)

* Efforts directed toward the abolition of war are not only
foolish, but absolutely immoral, and must be stigmatized as
unworthy of the human race. (P. 34.)

* Courts of arbitration are pernicious delusions. The whole idea
represents a presumptuous encroachment on natural laws of
development, which can only lead to the most disastrous
consequences for humanity generally. (P. 34.)

* The maintenance of peace never can be or may be the goal of a
policy.

* Efforts for peace would, if they attained their goal, lead to
general degeneration, as happens everywhere in nature where the
struggle for existence is eliminated. (P. 35.)

* Huge armaments are in themselves desirable. They are the most
necessary precondition of our national health. (P. 11.)

* The end all and be all of a State is power, and he who is not
man enough to look this truth in the face should not meddle with
politics, (quoted from Treitschke's "Politik").

* The State's highest moral duty is to increase its power. (P.
45-6.)

* The State is justified in making conquests whenever its own
advantage seems to require additional territory. (P. 46.)

* Self-preservation is the State's highest ideal and justifies
whatever action it may take if that action be conducive to that
end. The State is the sole judge of the morality of its own action.
It is, in fact, above morality, or, in other words, whatever is
necessary is moral. Recognized rights (i.e., treaty rights) are
never absolute rights; they are of human origin, and, therefore,
imperfect and variable. There are conditions in which they do not
correspond to the actual truth of things. In this case infringement
of the right appears morally justified. (P. 49.)

* In fact, the State is a law unto itself. Weak nations have not
the same right to live as powerful and vigorous nations. (P. 34.)

* Any action in favor of collective humanity outside the limits
of the State and nationality is impossible. (P. 25.)

* * * * *

A Doctrine 2,200 Years Old.

These are startling propositions, though propounded as practically
axiomatic. They are not new, for twenty-two centuries ago the sophist
Thrasymachus in Plato's "Republic" argued--Socrates refuting him-