soap.

4. _Hellebore Wash_ for Sawflies.

Fresh-ground hellebore 1 oz.
Flour 2 oz.
Water 3 gallons.

Mix the flour and hellebore powder with a little water. Then add the
rest of the water. It must be kept stirred, and used with a fine spray.
_Hellebore is poison._

5. _Arsenate of Lead_ for Caterpillars.

This is a poisonous wash, but the only one that can be used without
hurting the roses. It is made with the paste known as _Swift's Arsenate
Paste_, mixed with water.

6. _Flowers of Sulphur_ blown over the plants for
Mildew.

_Liver of Sulphur Wash_ for Mildew and other fungi, and for Red Spider.

Liver of sulphur 1 oz.
Water 10 gallons.

Powdered hellebore may be dusted over the bushes for Sawflies, but the
hellebore wash is best.

All these washes can be used with the Abol Syringe. And in large gardens
Vermorel's Knapsack Sprayer is almost indispensable, as it does equally
well for roses and fruit trees.

FOOTNOTES:

[9] p. 149.

[10] p. 149.

CHAPTER XI

HOW TO GROW ROSES FOR EXHIBITION

(_By the_ REV. F. PAGE-ROBERTS, _Vice-President National Rose Society_,
_F.R.H.S._)

IN writing this chapter my purpose is to tell, in a few clear words, the
way to grow fine roses, whether they be for exhibition or for private
delight; for the method and culture are identical, if the blooms are to
be worth looking at.

First, then, as to situation and soil. If possible, choose a position
for the beds sheltered from strong winds, yet not near large trees, or
hedges; for the roots will enter the beds and rob them of moisture and
nutriment. Buildings and walls are the best shelters.

Make the beds, if possible, in the highest part of the garden, and not
the lowest; roses like an open situation, though they need shelter from
strong winds, and shade, if possible, from the midday sun. In writing
these notes I do not wish to say anything that will discourage any one
from trying to grow exhibition roses; for they can be grown, more or
less well, in almost any situation, and any soil. Those who can choose
both are to be envied.

Then as to soil; some varieties, the H. Ps., will only give the finest
blooms in heavy loam; the H. Teas in a less heavy; and the Teas, the
most beautiful, though perhaps not so popular as the dark H. Ps., in
quite light sandy soil.