g to determine the point
may, of course, at once retranspose the transposition, and bring into
complete correspondence the geologic and botanic arrangements.

[5] The horizontal lines of the diagram here indicate, as in Fig. 1, the
divisions of the several geologic systems; the vertical lines represent
the leading divisions and classes of animals, and, as shown by the
formations in which their earliest known remains occur, the probable
period of their first appearance in creation; while the double line of
text below exhibits the complete correspondence which obtains between
their occurrence, in nature and the Cuvierian arrangement. The line
representative of the Radiata ought perhaps to have been elevated a
little higher than either of its two neighbors.

[6] Fig. 14, Neuropteris Loshii. Fig. 15, Neuropteris gigantea. Fig. 16,
Neuropteris acuminata. Fig. 17, Sphenopteris affinis. Fig. 18,
Pecopteris heterophylla. Fig. 19, Sphenopteris dilitata.

[7] Fig. 21, _r a_, Rachis, greatly thickened towards its base by
numerous aerial roots, shot downwards to the soil, and which closely
cover the stem.

[8] Fig. 22, _m_, Cellular tissue of the centre of rachis; _d_, similar
tissue of the circumference; _f_, _v_, darkly-colored woody fibres of
great strength, the "internal buttresses" of the illustration; _e_, the
outer cortical portion formed by the bases of the leaves.

[9] Fig. 23, Branching stem, with bark and leaves. Fig. 24. Extremity of
branch. Fig. 25, Extremity of another branch, with indication of
cone-like receptacle of spores or seed.

[10] No true fossil palms have yet been detected in the great Oolitic
and Wealden systems, though they certainly occur in the Carboniferous
and Permian rocks, and are comparatively common in the earlier and
middle Tertiary formations. Much cannot be founded on merely negative
evidence; but it would be certainly a curious circumstance should it be
found that this graceful family, first ushered into being some time in
the later Palaeozoic periods, was withdrawn from creation during the
Middle ages of the earth's history, to be again introduced in greatly
more than the earlier proportions during the Tertiary and recent
periods.

[11] Leaf of a tree allied to the maple.

[12] Leaf of a tree allied to the elm.

[13] Here, as in the former diagrams (Figs. 1 and 4), the horizontal
lines represent the divisions of the great geologic systems; while the
vertical lines indicate the swee