nt settled down to wait for reenforcements.

The center and left of the Second Army now prepared to advance
along the Tzer and Iverak ridges. The Austrians in this section,
who had suffered so severely the day before at Belikamen, were
now concentrated around Troyan, the most easterly and the second
highest peak of the chain.

At dawn on August 17, 1914, the Serbians located the Austrians.
Immediately they began a heavy artillery fire on this position,
then proceeded to infantry attack. Two regiments hurled themselves
up the slopes, and with bayonets and hand bombs drove the Austrians
back. After that no further progress was possible that day, the
Serbians having to wait for their artillery to come up. The Austrians
now began intrenching themselves on the heights of Kosaningrad,
the loftiest portion of the Tzer range.

Along the Iverak ridges the Austrians made a determined advance.
The situation of the Serbian troops in this section, the left wing
of the Second Army, was extremely dangerous, for their left flank
was becoming exposed by the continued retreat of the Third Army.
The only hopeful aspect of their situation was that the Austrians
were also having their left flank exposed by the retreat of the
Austrians along the Tzer ridges. Evidently the opposing forces
realized this fact, for they made a fierce attempt to drive back
the Serbians opposing them, so that their danger from the north
might be lessened. Half an hour later they were severely repulsed.
But heavy reenforcements came up to the Austrians just then, and
again they attacked, this time more successfully.

By noon, August 17, 1914, the Austrians had extended their line
over to the Serbian right wing.

Unfortunately, at about that time the Third Army again called for
assistance, and this hard-pressed division was compelled to send
it. The result was that it was compelled to withdraw gradually to
the heights of Kalem. The retirement was executed in good order,
and the Austrians satisfied themselves with occupying Kugovitchi.
Intrenching themselves in their new position, the Serbians awaited
further attacks. Only an ineffectual artillery fire was maintained
by the enemy. Meanwhile came the good news of the success of the
Serbians along the Tzer ridges, so preparations were made for another
advance on the following day, August 18, 1914.

As has already been stated, the extreme south wing of the Serbian
front, the Third Army, had retreated the day bef