Such tasselled or fringed caps were used by the Syrians in the
Christian era, see W. Budge, _Book of Governors_, ii, 339, 367.

[10] Comp. the horns of Bau ("mother of the gods"), Samas (Shamash),
(H)adad, and (in Egypt) of the Asiatic god assimilated to Set (so,
too, Rameses III. is styled "strong-horned" like Baal). With the band
dependent from the conical hat of Marduk-bal-iddin II. (Meyer, 8) and
other kings, cf. the tail on the head-dress of this foreign Set (e.g.
_Proc. Soc. of Bibl. Arch._ xvi. 87 sq.). The consort of the Pharaoh,
in turn, wore the sacred vulture head-dress.

[11] On the resemblance between divine and royal figures in costume,
&c., see further Meyer, 9, 14 sq., 17, 23, 53 sq., 67, 79, 102, 105
sq.

[12] Herod. iii. 8. If the bald Sumerians wore wigs in time of war,
(Meyer, 81, 86), war itself from beginning to end was essentially a
religious rite; see W. R. Smith, _Rel. of Semites_, pp. 401 sqq., 491
sq.; F. Schwally, _Semitische Kriegsaltertumer_, i. On the importance
attached to the beard, see _Ency. Bib._, s.v.

[13] A typical example is afforded by the solitary representation of
a Moabite (Perrot and Chipiez, _Phoen._ ii. 45) whose helmet and
dress suggest a god or king. Equally perplexing is the Egyptian style
on the Phoenician statue, ib. 28.

[14] Cf. Lev. xvi. 23 sq.; Ex. xix 10; Herod, ii. 37 (ed. Wiedemann);
Lagrange, _Etudes sur les relig. sem._ 239.

[15] M. Jastrow, _Relig. of Bab. and Ass._ p. 666; cf. _Rev.
biblique_, 1908, p. 466 sq., and Meyer, 59, 86, 97, 101. According to
the latter Sumerian priests served naked (p. 112).

[16] For the conspicuous dress of Syrian and Phrygian priests in Rome
and for other incidental references, see D. Chwolsohn, _Die Ssabier_
(1856), ii. 655, 712 sq.

[17] Ex. xxviii., xxix. 5; Lev. viii. 6-9, xvi.; Ecclus. xlv.;
Joseph. _Ant._ iii. 7, _Wars_, v. 5, 7; see commentaries and special
dictionaries of the Bible.

[18] Zimmern, _Keilinschrift. u. Alte Test_. 629, n. 5; cf. the Bab.
priests' pectoral; Lagrange, op. cit., 236, n. 1.

[19] Jubilees, viii. 11, see W. Muss-Arnolt, _Amer. Journ. of Semit.
Lang._, 1900, pp. 207-212.

[20] The relations between sacerdotal and civic authority may be seen
in the vestments of the church (chasuble, alb, stole), which probably
were once the official garments of magistrates.