ther hand, substances of the nature of wax and incense have more of
water entering into their composition.

I have thus shown the various classes of bodies as they are diversified
by their forms and combinations and changes into one another, and now I
must endeavour to set forth their affections and the causes of them. In
the first place, the bodies which I have been describing are necessarily
objects of sense. But we have not yet considered the origin of flesh, or
what belongs to flesh, or of that part of the soul which is mortal. And
these things cannot be adequately explained without also explaining the
affections which are concerned with sensation, nor the latter without
the former: and yet to explain them together is hardly possible; for
which reason we must assume first one or the other and afterwards
examine the nature of our hypothesis. In order, then, that the
affections may follow regularly after the elements, let us presuppose
the existence of body and soul.

First, let us enquire what we mean by saying that fire is hot; and about
this we may reason from the dividing or cutting power which it exercises
on our bodies. We all of us feel that fire is sharp; and we may further
consider the fineness of the sides, and the sharpness of the angles,
and the smallness of the particles, and the swiftness of the motion--all
this makes the action of fire violent and sharp, so that it cuts
whatever it meets. And we must not forget that the original figure of
fire (i.e. the pyramid), more than any other form, has a dividing power
which cuts our bodies into small pieces (Kepmatizei), and thus naturally
produces that affection which we call heat; and hence the origin of
the name (thepmos, Kepma). Now, the opposite of this is sufficiently
manifest; nevertheless we will not fail to describe it. For the larger
particles of moisture which surround the body, entering in and driving
out the lesser, but not being able to take their places, compress the
moist principle in us; and this from being unequal and disturbed, is
forced by them into a state of rest, which is due to equability and
compression. But things which are contracted contrary to nature are
by nature at war, and force themselves apart; and to this war and
convulsion the name of shivering and trembling is given; and the whole
affection and the cause of the affection are both termed cold. That
is called hard to which our flesh yields, and soft which yields to
our flesh;