t to the lofty arched
roof; the far-famed silk cotton-tree, supplying a sheet of
cream-colored blossoms, at a season when all outward vegetable
gayety is on the wane: the singular milk-tree of the
Caraccas--the fragrant cinnamon and cassia--with thousands of
other rare and little-known species of both flowers and fruits.
The Italian Garden--opposite the library windows, with its
richly colored parterres, and its clustered foliage wreathed
around the pillars which support the statues and busts
scattered among them, and hanging from one to the other with a
luxurious verdure which seems to belong to the south--is a
relief to the eye sated with the splendors of the palatial
edifice.

[Illustration: THE ROCK-WORK.]

"The water-works, which were constructed under the direction of
M. Grillet, a French artist, were begun in 1690, when a pipe
for what was then called 'the great fountain' was laid down;
the height of twenty feet to which it threw water being, at
that time, considered sufficiently wonderful to justify the
hyperbolical language of Cotton:

'--should it break or fall, I doubt we should
Begin to reckon from the second flood.'

It was afterward elevated to fifty feet, and then to
ninety-four feet; but it is now celebrated as the most
remarkable fountain in the world; it rises to the height of two
hundred and sixty-seven feet, and has been named the _Emperor
Fountain_, in honor of the visit of the Emperor of Russia to
Chatsworth in 1844. Such is the velocity with which the water
is ejected, that it is shown to escape at the rate of one
hundred miles per minute; for the purpose of supplying it, a
reservoir, or immense artificial lake, has been constructed on
the hills, above Chatsworth, which is fed by the streams around
and the springs on the moors drains being cut for this purpose,
commencing at Humberly Brook, on the Chesterfield Road, two
miles and a half from the reservoir, which covers eight acres;
a pipe winds down the hill side, through which the water
passes; and such is its waste, that a diminution of a foot may
be perceived when the water-works have been played for three
hours. Nothing can exceed the stupendous effect of this column,
which may be seen for many miles around, shooting upwards to
the sky i